Crossbred sows are utilized so that this system maximizes heterosis and . Possible side effects of the current sow selection criteria on udder characteristics and their influence on teat use and functionality have not yet been investigated. In this system, sows that are a cross between two breeds superior for maternal characteristics are mated to a third breed of sire that is superior for growth and carcass characteristics. The progeny from these pigs eventually reached England and Ireland. At the Meat Science Laboratory of University of Alberta, frozen 3-Rib and 4-Rib samples of the loin of each carcass were used to record whole loin weight (WLW), backfat weight (BFW), and rib eye weight (REAW) as described by Miar et al. They were randomly assigned to one of twelve feeding chambers for each sex. 0000003144 00000 n Genetic correlations between pork quality and carcass characteristics and other economic importance traits are, however, limited. The low-to-moderate heritabilities of performance traits indicated that they could be improved using traditional breeding methods or genomic selection. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0110105.t003. endobj All piglets were individually tagged and weighed at birth (birth weight, BW), weaned at an average age of 21 days (7.5 kg), raised in a nursery for 5 to 6 weeks, and then moved to pre-grower barn for 4 weeks. Then, subprimal cuts of ham (THAM), loin (TLOIN), picnic shoulder (PICN), butt (BUTT), belly (TBEL) and ribs (RIBS) were recorded as described by Miar et al. These findings suggest that deterioration of pork quality may have occurred over many generations through the selection for less backfat thickness, and feed efficiency, but selection for growth had no adverse effects on pork quality. 0000080383 00000 n As you settle for any one breed the market for the pig products should always be a priority as consumers are always very choosy. Transl Anim Sci. There are many different types breeds of guinea pig, each with their own characteristics, colouring and markings. PLOS ONE promises fair, rigorous peer review, 0000079703 00000 n Alternatively, if a crossbred sow was mated to a boar of a completely different breed we would expect an 8% advantage over the purebred scenario or . Yes Growth performance, slaughter performance, and meat quality of these crossbred pigs were determined. >> Please enable it to take advantage of the complete set of features! van Wijk et al. <> Forty-eight pigs (average body weight of 22.25 kg) were composed of three groups as purebred Pakchong 5 (PP), Large White×Landrace pigs sired by Pakchong 5 (LWLRP), and Large White×Landrace pigs sired by Duroc (LWLRD). Feed conversion ratio was only correlated with TLOIN, indicating that selection for low FCR has no significant effect on carcass traits except of TLOIN (0.44±0.26). 0000027189 00000 n Cooking loss (CL) and shear force (SHF) were measured as described by Miar et al. eCollection 2019 Jul. The chop removed at 3rd and 4th last rib was used to determine: (a) longissimus dorsi muscle area (LEA); (b) subcutaneous backfat depth (FD); (c) loin depth (LD); (d) texture score (TEXS) measured on a subjective 5-point scale (1 = extremely soft and weeping; 5 = very firm and dry; a score of 3 being normal) to determine if the loin was pale, soft and exudative (PSE); (e) subjective marbling score (CMAR; 1 to 6, with 0 = devoid, 1 = practically devoid, 2 = trace amount of marbling, 3 = slight, 4 = small, 5 = moderate, 6 = abundant) as determined by the National Swine Improvement Federation (NSIF) marbling charts [11] as described by Miar et al. [7] reported a lower heritability of 0.19, which may due to the different evaluation of ADG. stream Duroc pigs are classified as medium-sized pigs, although they tend to be at the high . Discover (and save!) A second purpose in cross-breeding is to obtain immediate offspring possessing more desirable characteristics, such as greater size, more economical feed utilization, or more rapid growth, than are exhibited by either parental breed. endobj To understand the influence of crossbreeding on Mycoplasma pneumonia of swine (MPS) resistance and immune characteristics, two crossbred lines were characterized. In particular, the (co)variances of random variables were as follows: where A is the numerator relationship matrix, I is the identity matrix, , , , , , , and are direct additive genetic variances, maternal genetic variances, common litter effect variances and residual variance for traits 1 and 2, respectively, and is the covariance between the direct and the maternal additive genetic effects. However, the following are some of the most . Found inside – Page 378It was observed, in a commercial slaughter plant in the U.S., that white crossbred pigs (with Yorkshire breed-type characteristics) had a much milder ... <> 0000026332 00000 n Pork quality and carcass characteristics are now being integrated into swine breeding objectives because of their economic value. Would you like email updates of new search results? Found inside – Page 8Crossbred pigs Another way to raise pigs is to crossbreed indigenous pigs with ... the farmer can build a pig herd that has some of the good qualities of ... Bethesda, MD 20894, Copyright Crossbred pigs had higher unsaturated fatty acid content than Duroc breeds did. Accessibility The Danes refused to export live pigs until World War II, when the best specimens of the breed were exported to Sweden. 0000081423 00000 n Novel results from this study showed the nursery weight is an important trait and selection for NURW will have significant effects on carcass and pork quality traits through indirect selection. 0000007313 00000 n Huge collection, amazing choice, 100+ million high quality, affordable RF and RM images. This study investigated carcass characteristics and meat quality of purebred Pakchong 5, crossbred pigs sired by Pakchong 5, and crossbred pigs sired by Duroc. The common litter environment effect was fitted in the animal models for all performance traits except for UIMF and FCR. 2Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science (Eastern of China), Ministry of . Initial values of covariance parameters were obtained by multiplying their standard deviations by their phenotypic or genetic correlations. Although presented for completeness, phenotypic correlations will not be discussed because they are of little interpretive value. by crossing the native pig with the Large White. Although, these results indicated that deterioration of pork quality may have occurred over many generations through the selection for lower backfat thickness, and feed efficiency, but selection for growth had no adverse effects on pork quality traits. Genetic correlations between performance and carcass traits were moderate to high. This result is expected due to the separation of pigs from their dams. The heritability of UIMF was moderate in the present study (0.26±0.06). -. Relevant fixed and random effects for carcass and meat quality traits were described by Miar et al. Methods: Data was collected from crossbred pigs viz., Tamworth X desi (T&D), Hampshire X Niang Megha (H&NM) and Niang Megha (NM) pigs which is maintained in the Pig breeding farm of the institute. These results indicated that selection for higher growth could have an increasing effect on the most valuable primal and subprimal weights. Selection for intramuscular fat may increase belly, picnic shoulder, butt weights, backfat thickness and reduce ultrasound loin depth and cooking loss with undesirable higher pH of meat with darker color. Feed conversion ratio was only correlated with LOINL, indicating that selection for low FCR does not change pork quality except of lightness of loin (0.43±0.19). [7]. The ADG and FD are the most important traits of performance testing, and the genetic correlation between them (0.01±0.14) is in the range of estimates (−0.26 to 0.55) reviewed by Clutter [14]. LWLRP had thicker backfat and more carcass fat percentage than LWLRD (p<0.05). 0000080943 00000 n Ultrasound loin depth was also correlated to REAW (0.66±0.10) and BOW (−0.36±0.18), which were not reported before. [cited 2017 Feb 2]. Characteristics of gut microbiota in pigs with different breeds, growth periods and genders Cheng Wang, 1,2,3,4,5Siyu Wei, Nana Chen,1,2,3,4,5 Yun Xiang,6 Yizhen Wang1,2,3,4,5 and Mingliang Jin1,2,3,4,5 1Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition, Ministry of Education, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310058, China. Found inside – Page 738For traits such as neonatal survival, a crossbred pig benefits from individual heterosis, and if the dam is crossbred and produces more milk, the piglet ... <> 0000007621 00000 n Low-to-moderate heritabilities for performance traits indicate that they could be improved using traditional selection or genomic selection. Stewart and Schinckel [21] reviewed many papers and reported a weighted average heritability of 0.41 for backfat. The Hampshire pig is recognized easily by the wide white belt that continues down the front legs on a black hog. Yes B. E. Uttaro, B. E. Uttaro * Department of Animal and Poultry Science, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada N1G 2W1. x�]�Mn�0�O���.F ��lP�ݰ�J{���$Qn���V�"�g��yz��;k"���T�Fcu�ŭA!8eڨxtT�,=$m�-�Ύ��[�-1l��v�{ �����Sۯ��6! 2021 Jul 7;26(14):4140. doi: 10.3390/molecules26144140. Samples of the longissimus dorsi muscle were taken to evaluate the histochemical characteristics, postmortem metabolic rate and meat quality. For more information about PLOS Subject Areas, click Analyzed the data: YM GM ZW. Seen from the side, the face has a slight dish-shape with a large jowl and an upturned nose. [8] reported different breeds in Chinese swine industry had different meat quality and carcass characteristics. There are many types of pigs in the world, both domestic and wild. The genetic parameters identified here are valuable for understanding the biology of these traits making it possible to improve them simultaneously resulting in high quality product produced more efficiently and at lower cost. Introduction iron, calcium, magnesium, potassium, phosphorus, The increased trend towards urbanization and manganese and also appreciable quantities of vitamin improved purchasing power has a prodigious effect on A precursor beta carotene and vitamin B 12 [3, 4]. Suzuki et al. Huge collection, amazing choice, 100+ million high quality, affordable RF and RM images. Untrimmed loin (ULOIN) and belly (UBEL) were separated from each other. These results indicate that selection for leaner carcass will not affect pork quality traits except for cooking loss and rib eye weight (Table 7). endobj PERFORMANCE AND CARCASS CHARACTERISTICS AA.. N N.. HOWARD HOWARD AN ANDD W W!! In addition, crossbred pigs reach 220 lb 6.5% faster on 2.3% less feed per lb of gain. Found inside – Page 448performance. and. carcass. characteristics. of. indigenous. Mukota. pigs ... Growth rates for Mukota (0.31 $0.010) and crossbred (0.41 $0.030) pigs were ... This cross was then improved on during years of testing and breeding under strict government control. Available from: Latorre MA, Medel P, Fuentetaja A, Lázaro R, Mateos GG. Body type: Very deep-sided with a strong, uniform arch of back and muscular, firm build. Meat obtained from th ree-breed crossbred pigs was usually of good quality. In fact, you may also see these pigs called Duroc-Jersey, which is a reference to their crossbreeding past. Found inside – Page 28Table 6: Results of studies on meat quality traits of investigated pigs Obs: ... different in carcass weight (crossbred pigs had higher carcass weight than ... The low-to-moderate heritability estimated from this study revealed that genomic technology can play an important role for improvement of these economically important traits. <> 2017 Feb 1;1(1):1-15. doi: 10.2527/tas2016.0004. The estimated heritability of WNW in this study (0.07±0.07) was in agreement with literature values [20]. Found inside – Page 33... with rapid fattening characteristics, which is most in demand in New Zealand. Approximately 80 per cent, of the pig population is represented by animals of this cross, whilst the Yorkshire or Yorkshire crossbred pigs are not often ... The live body weights recorded at the birth and end of finishing were used to calculate the average daily gain (ADG) using the following equation: ADG = (ENDW – start test weight)/Days. here. Ultrasound backfat depth was correlated with UBEL (0.29±0.13), TBEL (0.29±0.13), and PICN (0.29±0.14). The physicochemical characteristics of the Longissimus lumborum muscle of crossbred pigs in relation to the CLPS and RYR1 genes polymorphism . 0000005292 00000 n Yes 0000079879 00000 n May 7, 2014 - This Pin was discovered by Caroline Jeffery. Yes No need to register, buy now! This study was carried out to investigate the association of POU1F1 (POU domain, class 1, transcription factor 1, Pit1, renamed as POU1F1) gene with backfat thickness (mm), carcass weight (kg), pH, and color values (L*, a*, b*) in crossbred pigs (Landrace x Yorkshire x Duroc). These results indicate that selection for growth traits will increase carcass yield, which was dissimilar to selection for ultrasound loin depth. Yes 0000026507 00000 n Moderate heritability was obtained for most of the performance traits with the estimates of 0.26, 0.24, 0.38, 0.30, 0.45, 0.38, 0.26, and 0.20 for BW, NURW, ENDW, ADG, UFD, ULD, UIMF, and FCR (Table 3). The hogs used in this study were cared for according to the Canadian Council on Animal Care [10] guidelines. These results indicate that selection for WNW will have no negative effects on pork quality. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0110105, Editor: Shuhong Zhao, Huazhong Agricultural University, China, Received: March 13, 2014; Accepted: September 16, 2014; Published: October 28, 2014. After 24 hours of cooling, cold carcass weight, backfat and loin eye erea (cm2), ultimate pH (pH u) values, water holding capacity (w.h.c. This study also indicates that the NURW should be recorded in pig breeding programs as an indicator trait for subprimal cuts selection. Phenotypic and genetic correlations between meat and carcass quality traits have been reported in our previous publication [2]. Moreover, slaughter process was adhered to Government of Canada Guidelines. Heritability estimates for performance traits with their standard errors are presented in Table 3 (diagonal elements). Pakchong 5 purebred has good carcass and lean percentages. The significance of the fixed effects and covariates for each trait was determined using the REML procedure of ASREML 3.0 software [12]. Another difference is that Roehe et al. 1598 0 obj Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: RK PC AH BvH RM. The model which best fit the data was selected. Keywords : colipase gene, pigs, pork, stress susceptibility ge ne 609 Journal of Central European Agriculture, 2016, 17 . Found inside – Page 307... carcass characteristics, and meat quality of pigs sired by Hampshire 3–15 Rote of N ... crossbreeding; animal growth; carcass traits; meat quality; pigs ... ADG has been reported as a moderately heritable trait. It works by ensuring that the energy released during . 0000029070 00000 n Quality Characteristics and Chemical Composition of M. Longissimus thoracis in Crossbred Pigs Jivko Nakev a, * b& Teodora Popova a Agricultural Institute -Shumen, 9700, Shumen, Bulgaria b . BERKSHIRE HOGS. Found inside – Page 192... drace / Large White crossbred pigs were physical characteristics and oxidative housed in groups of eight ( 4 boars ... However , dietary polyunsatum2 per pig with automatically controlled rated fatty acids play an important natural ... Body weight changes of pigs after weaning were tested in five groups depending on age. R. O. bLaboratoire d . In addition, segregation of the alleles from major loci is affecting the variation of pork quality traits in certain populations [38]. To our knowledge, these estimates in the present study are a new contribution to the literature. 0000081031 00000 n 2003 Aug;81(8):1895-9. doi: 10.2527/2003.8181895x. During this time, both weaning weight (WNW) and nursery weight (NURW) were recorded. The genetic evaluation of crossbred pig populations for heterosis research by microsatellite markers - Volume 3 Issue 3 The results showed that both crossbreeds, especially DBY pigs . ), consistency, drip loss and color of m. longissimus dorsi were taken. It is a hardy breed. livestock. Found inside – Page 255... histochemical characteristics, longissimus dorsi, meat quality, pig breeds Introduction ... between Berkshire, Landrace, Yorkshire, and crossbred pigs. Citation: Miar Y, Plastow G, Bruce H, Moore S, Manafiazar G, Kemp R, et al. Performance traits had low-to-moderate heritabilities (±SE), ranged from 0.07±0.13 to 0.45±0.07 for weaning weight, and ultrasound backfat depth, respectively. The estimated maternal heritability for WNW was 0.10±0.03, which was similar to 0.17 reported by Cassady et al. Ultimate or 24 h pH (PHU), drip loss (DL), Minolta L*, a*, and b* (LOINL, LOINA, and LOINB) were taken on loin as describe by Miar et al. No genetic correlations between BW and meat quality traits were found in the published literature. Journal of Central European Agriculture (2016-09-01) . Like earlier mentioned, there many different varieties of pigs in the world. Methods: These results suggested that breeding programs aimed at improving intramuscular fat should expect improvement (higher marbling) through the selection for growth. ck0n_�%IՅ�zzﳞG��gG6����=-�ŭ��,AY��:�*O=+���%���蠮Aܣ��� xqe�li:|�}����g� �� ڳ�5#�L�:}�Sdމ��#TI���\��Ȋ&,j)e��Y�M�d��;4���OW%3������rze���"r�T��v均H��Faq� To produce a good quality crossbreed pig, the parents of the hybrid pig must come from two . Piglets were born over a 2-year period from 2010 to 2012. Performance and carcass characteristics W.C.SMITH G.PEARSON R. W. PURCHAS DepartmentofAnimal Science Massey University Palmerston North, New Zealand Abstract Anon-farrnstudywasundertaken,frrstly, to compare the Duroc and Hampshire as terminal sires inathree-waycross includingtheLandraceand Large White breeds and . Found inside – Page 4291987), this is reflected in Duroc crossbreds. ... but there appear to be some advantages in the production traits in particular when the pigs are scale-fed. Data consisted of average daily gain (ADG) and residual feed intake (RFI) records and genotypes of 5,708 purebred (PB) boars and 5,007 CB pigs. Unable to load your collection due to an error, Unable to load your delegates due to an error. The longissimus thoracis muscle and the inner layer of subcutaneous fat were collected from the 5-6th vertebra of each pig, and the meat quality was evaluated. 0000027336 00000 n 2017 Feb 1;1(1):77-89. doi: 10.2527/tas2016.0009. Physico-Chemical Characteristics of Crossbred Pigs with Carcass Grade;kpubs;kpubs.org This is a process that requires many years of continued selection. Estimates of heterosis (per cent) for several swine traits a,b. All pigs produced are crossbreds. Many of our pigs have Yorkshire cross in them, adding to the good disposition and foraging ability. Some of the estimates herein are new contributions to the genetic correlations between performance traits with carcass and pork quality traits. [2]. Disclaimer, National Library of Medicine In addition, UIMF was moderately to highly correlated with NURW (0.75±0.35), ENDW (0.60±0.27), ADG (0.69±0.25), UFD (0.48±0.19), and ULD (−0.47±0.20). <> Therefore, selection for nursery weight can be valuable for increasing market weight and loin depth without adverse effects on pork quality traits. Here is a description of the five common breeds that . %���� your own Pins on Pinterest 0000003800 00000 n https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0110105.t001. 0 0000083506 00000 n Crossbred pigs had higher moisture and protein content than Duroc breeds. Guinea Pig Breeds, Personalities & Characteristics. [7] who showed unfavorable strong genetic correlations between growth rate and pork quality traits. Ears of the animal are dropping and not held erect. However, the estimate from the first generation of outdoor piglets also reported by Roehe et al. Characteristics of fatty acids, amino acids, and longissimus muscle fiber in relation to growth . Found inside – Page 45In the foregoing theoretical considerations we have assumed that the characteristics depend on the heredity of the progeny produced by the mating in ... Data were analyzed using general linear model procedure, where group, sex, and their interaction were included in the model. 0000079508 00000 n Genetic and phenotypic (co)variances were estimated using a pairwise bivariate animal model by ASREML 3.0 [12]. Low-to-moderate correlations were found between ENDW with UFD (0.28±0.13), and ULD (0.37±0.12). 0000028326 00000 n Heterosis usually gives crossbred pigs an improvement over the average of its parent purebreds in a certain trait. During 84 d of feeding, feed intake and weight gain were measured . Found insideThe Science of Animal Growth and Meat Technology, Second Edition, combines fundamental science- based and applied, practical concepts relating to the prenatal and postnatal growth of cattle, sheep and pigs. on the haematological and carcass characteristics of crossbred large white yorkshire pigs, Veterinary World 7(2): 78-82. stream The meat characteristics of the crossbred pigs with Ryukyu native sire (A) and Large White × Landrace (LW), Duroc (D), or Berkshire (B) were examined. Briefly, pigs were housed overnight at the abattoir (East 40 Packers, Brandon, Manitoba, Canada) with ad libitum access to water. [2]. Novel genetic correlations in this study indicate that selection for birth weight, weaning weight, and growth may increase market weight, ultrasound loin depth, and ultrasound intramuscular fat. No, Is the Subject Area "Pork" applicable to this article? 0000080007 00000 n 0000001966 00000 n The phenotypic and genetic correlations between performance and carcass traits are presented in Tables 4–5. Genetic correlations between performance traits with meat quality and carcass traits were estimated on 6,408 commercial crossbred pigs with performance traits recorded in production systems with 2,100 of them having meat quality and carcass measurements. The PP and LWLRP had larger loin eye area (LEA) than LWLRD (p<0.05). Find the perfect crossbred pig stock photo. Although the genetic correlation between ADG and FCR was not significant in the present study, a moderate to high and negative genetic correlation was reported by Clutter [14]. Abstract. Conceived and designed the experiments: ZW GP SM.
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